The Most Common New Mexico Weeds (and How to Remove Them)

New Mexico's high-desert climate and alkaline soil create unique challenges for weed control. With intense sun, low humidity, and limited rainfall, certain weeds thrive while others struggle.

Homeowners in Albuquerque, Rio Rancho, Bernalillo, Los Lunas, Belen, and Corrales face a specific set of weeds that are adapted to New Mexico's harsh conditions.

This guide covers the most common New Mexico weeds, why they thrive in the state's climate, and the best ways to remove and prevent them.

Why Weeds Thrive in New Mexico

New Mexico's climate creates ideal conditions for certain weeds:

• Alkaline soil favors specific weed species
• Low humidity doesn't affect drought-tolerant weeds
• Intense sun helps some weeds outcompete grass
• Irrigation provides moisture for weed growth
• Monsoon season triggers rapid weed growth
• Temperature swings don't kill hardy weeds

The Most Common Weeds in New Mexico

1. Goathead (Puncturevine)

One of the most problematic weeds in New Mexico.

Why it's a problem:

• Sharp, painful seeds stick to shoes, tires, and pet paws
• Spreads rapidly
• Very difficult to control
• Seeds remain viable for years
• Thrives in disturbed soil

2. Spurge

Common in New Mexico yards and gardens.

Why it's a problem:

• Low-growing, spreads outward
• Thrives in heat
• Comes back quickly
• Spreads across rock beds
• Difficult to pull completely

3. Purslane

Common in New Mexico, especially in irrigated areas.

Why it's a problem:

• Fast-growing
• Forms dense mats
• Difficult to control
• Spreads quickly
• Thrives in warm, moist conditions

4. Russian Thistle (Tumbleweed)

Iconic New Mexico weed that causes major problems.

Why it's a problem:

• Grows large and rolls, spreading seeds
• Creates fire hazards when dry
• Blocks driveways and walkways
• Difficult to control once established
• Seeds spread far and wide

5. Filaree

Common in New Mexico lawns and gardens.

Why it's a problem:

• Fast-growing
• Spreads aggressively
• Competes with grass
• Difficult to remove

6. Cheatgrass

Common in New Mexico, especially in spring.

Why it's a problem:

• Grows faster than grass
• Creates fire hazard when dry
• Spreads quickly
• Difficult to control

7. Foxtail

Common in New Mexico lawns, especially in thin areas.

Why it's a problem:

• Fast-growing
• Forms dense clumps
• Difficult to control
• Spreads quickly
• Seed heads stick to pets

8. Sandbur

Common in sandy, dry areas of New Mexico.

Why it's a problem:

• Sharp, painful burrs
• Spreads rapidly
• Difficult to control
• Thrives in poor soil

Best Pre-Emergent Timing

Pre-emergents are essential in New Mexico:

• Apply in early spring (March 1 – April 15)
• Reapply before monsoon season (late June)
• Use products labeled for New Mexico's alkaline soil

Pre-emergent prevents:

• Crabgrass
• Spurge
• Foxtail
• Purslane
• Goathead (if applied early enough)

Post-Emergent Treatment

For weeds that have already sprouted:

• Selective herbicides for lawns
• Non-selective for rock beds and gravel
• Manual removal for small infestations
• Spot treatment for specific weeds

Timing is critical — treat when weeds are young and actively growing.

Why Weeds Thrive in Alkaline Soil

New Mexico's alkaline soil (high pH) affects weed growth:

• Some weeds are adapted to alkaline conditions
• Alkaline soil can block nutrients for desired plants
• Weeds outcompete grass in poor soil conditions
• Soil amendments may be needed for effective control

Mulch vs Rock in Desert Climates

Both mulch and rock have pros and cons for weed control:

Mulch

Pros:

• Blocks sunlight to weed seeds
• Retains moisture
• Improves soil over time

Cons:

• Breaks down quickly in dry climate
• Needs frequent refresh
• Can blow away in wind

Rock

Pros:

• Long-lasting
• Doesn't break down
• Low maintenance

Cons:

• Weeds still grow through rocks
• Debris accumulates in rocks
• Can trap heat

Both require regular weed removal and maintenance.

Special Considerations for New Mexico Weeds

Goathead Control

Goathead requires aggressive control:

• Pre-emergent before seeds germinate
• Post-emergent for existing plants
• Manual removal when possible
• Ongoing monitoring

Tumbleweed Management

Remove tumbleweeds before they dry and roll:

• Pull when young and green
• Dispose properly (fire hazard when dry)
• Prevent seed spread

Monsoon Season Weeds

Monsoon rains trigger rapid weed growth:

• Be prepared for sudden weed explosions
• Treat immediately after rains
• Remove before seeds form

When to Schedule Professional Weed Removal

You need professional treatment when:

• Weeds reappear after pulling
• Goathead or tumbleweed spreads
• Weeds take over large areas
• Alkaline soil prevents effective treatment
• Monsoon season creates weed explosions

Get Weed Removal Solutions for Your New Mexico Home

If weeds are taking over your yard — or if you want a full seasonal weed control plan for New Mexico's unique climate — Yard Maintenance connects you with reliable New Mexico weed removal professionals.